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Avoidant personality disorder (AvPD), also known as anxious personality disorder,〔(【引用サイトリンク】) personality disorder "> work = International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10) )〕 is a Cluster C personality disorder recognized in the ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' handbook as afflicting persons when they display a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and inferiority, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation, and avoidance of social interaction despite a strong desire to be close to others. Individuals afflicted with the disorder tend to describe themselves as uneasy, anxious, lonely, unwanted and isolated from others. People with avoidant personality disorder often consider themselves to be socially inept or personally unappealing and avoid social interaction for fear of being ridiculed, humiliated, rejected, or disliked. As the name suggests, the main coping mechanism of those with avoidant personality disorder is avoidance of feared stimuli. Avoidant personality disorder is usually first noticed in early adulthood, with both childhood emotional neglect and peer group rejection being associated with an increased risk for its development. ==Signs and symptoms== Those with this disorder may often choose jobs of isolation so that they do not have to interact with the public regularly, due to their anxiety and fear of embarrassing themselves in front of others. Some afflicted by this disorder may fantasize about idealized, accepting, and affectionate relationships, due to their desire to belong. They often feel themselves unworthy of the relationships they desire, so they shame themselves from ever attempting the relationship. People with avoidant personality disorder are preoccupied with their own shortcomings and form relationships with others only if they believe they will not be rejected. Loss and rejection are so painful that these individuals will choose to be alone rather than risk trying to connect with others. They often view themselves with contempt,〔 while showing an increased inability to identify traits within themselves that are generally considered as positive within their societies.〔Will, Retzlaff, ed. (1995). p. 97〕 Childhood emotional neglect—in particular, the rejection of a child by one or both parents—has been associated with an increased risk for the development of avoidant personality disorder, as well as rejection by peers.〔 * Hypersensitivity to rejection/criticism * Self-imposed social isolation * Extreme shyness or anxiety in social situations, though the person feels a strong desire for close relationships * Avoids physical contact because it has been associated with an unpleasant or painful stimulus * Feelings of inadequacy * Severe low self-esteem * Self-loathing * Mistrust of others * Emotional distancing related to intimacy * Highly self-conscious * Self-critical about their problems relating to others * Problems in occupational functioning * Lonely self-perception, although others may find the relationship with them meaningful * Feeling inferior to others * In some extreme cases, agoraphobia * Uses fantasy as a form of escapism to interrupt painful thoughts〔〔(Avoidant Personality Disorder ), Real Mental Health, Inc.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「avoidant personality disorder」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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